Relações entre delinquência e uso de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência:
revisão integrativa da literatura
Resumo
O uso de substâncias e a prática de delitos são condutas que podem manter forte e complexa relação e investigar os processos e relações possíveis na relação “crime-droga” ainda é necessário. Esta revisão integrativa teve como objetivo de identificar e avaliar as evidências em torno da seguinte questão: quais são as relações entre de uso de substâncias e delinquência e os processos de influência entre esses dois comportamentos? As buscas foram realizadas nos bancos de dados LILACS, JSTOR, PsycINFO, SciELO, Sociological Abstracts e Web of Science, utilizando os descritores "substance use" AND "juvenile delinquency". As evidências de dezoito estudos sugerem uma probabilidade maior de que a delinquência preceda o uso de substâncias para o gênero masculino; e que o uso de substâncias atua fomentando condições para a manutenção do envolvimento em delitos ao longo do tempo (persistência da delinquência da adolescência à vida adulta), aumentando a probabilidade de reincidência. A avaliação de diferentes tipos de trajetórias de conduta delituosa (normativa, grave, violenta) e dos níveis de uso de diferentes substâncias psicoativas, propiciou a observação de diferentes relações de influência e a importância das influências ambientais. Apenas um modelo explicativo, determinístico, não é suficiente para explicar essa relação complexa e plural.
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